أ.د.بان طه محمد

Table of Contents

8.1. The fungal cell

8.1.1. The fungal cell wall

8.1.2. The fungal cell membrane

8.1.3. The flagellum

8.1.4. The nucleus

8.1.5. Cell division

8.1.6. Special cell organelles

8.2. Organization of fungi

8.2.1. Thallus

8.2.2. Unicellular organization

8.2.3. Hyphal organization

8.2.4. Mycelium, tissue

8.3. Characteristics of hyphal growth

8.4. Reproduction of fungi

8.4.1. General characteristics of sexual reproduction of fungi

8.4.2. Sexual reproduction and its structures in the main fungal groups

8.4.3. A complex life cycle

8.4.4. Asexual reproduction of fungi

8.4.5. Asexual reproduction in the main fungal groups

8.5. Plant-fungal interactions

8.5.1. Mycorrhizae

8.5.2. Endophytic fungi

8.5.2. Plant pathogenic fungi

8.6. Lichens